Archives

  • 2018-07
  • 2019-04
  • 2019-05
  • 2019-06
  • 2019-07
  • 2019-08
  • 2019-09
  • 2019-10
  • 2019-11
  • 2019-12
  • 2020-01
  • 2020-02
  • 2020-03
  • 2020-04
  • 2020-05
  • 2020-06
  • 2020-07
  • 2020-08
  • 2020-09
  • 2020-10
  • 2020-11
  • 2020-12
  • 2021-01
  • 2021-02
  • 2021-03
  • 2021-04
  • 2021-05
  • 2021-06
  • 2021-07
  • 2021-08
  • 2021-09
  • 2021-10
  • 2021-11
  • 2021-12
  • 2022-01
  • 2022-02
  • 2022-03
  • 2022-04
  • 2022-05
  • 2022-06
  • 2022-07
  • 2022-08
  • 2022-09
  • 2022-10
  • 2022-11
  • 2022-12
  • 2023-01
  • 2023-02
  • 2023-03
  • 2023-04
  • 2023-05
  • 2023-06
  • 2023-08
  • 2023-09
  • 2023-10
  • 2023-11
  • 2023-12
  • 2024-01
  • 2024-02
  • 2024-03
  • 2024-04

    • p2y inhibitor India s National Programme for

    2019-06-21

    India\'s National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke is an important step to integrate preventative and treatment interventions within the National Health Mission Framework. Reliable, direct monitoring of cause-specific mortality in India is similarly key to improving NCD control.
    Margaret Kruk and colleagues (November, 2016) report on the quality of basic maternal care and the association with the volume of deliveries and surgical capacity in five sub-Saharan African countries. They conclude that, in low-income countries, facilities with caesarean section capacity and with birth volumes greater than 500 per year had higher scores for maternal care quality. We would like to invite Kruk and colleagues to provide any information they p2y inhibitor may have about whether the women attending the primary or secondary health facilities to give birth were at low risk or high risk of complications during delivery. It could be that women who would be considered to be at high risk gave birth in primary instead of secondary health facilities because of geographical restrictions, therefore skewing the score results of the process-of-care indicators the researchers used in their 12-item summative index of care quality. Likewise, women at low risk delivering at secondary health facilities would make the process-of-care indicators look better because of the occurrence of fewer complications, even after acknowledging the fact that 30% of women considered to be at low risk might develop an unexpected complication during or after delivery. In England, and in accordance with NICE guidance, women are offered continuous risk assessment throughout pregnancy, and if classified to be at low risk of complications at delivery they are advised that they can deliver safely at home or in freestanding midwifery-led settings. However, if a woman is considered to be at high risk then the planned place of birth is advised to be within the obstetric unit to ensure a safer perinatal outcome.
    We appreciate the comment from Angeliki Antonakou and Dimitrios Papoutsis on our Article on quality of maternal care in low-income countries. They expressed a concern that the quality index might result in artificially lower scores for primary care facilities if sicker women were using these more often than secondary care facilities. However, the opposite is true. Five of the seven process indicators in the 12-item index were indicators for the performance of a signal function (basic emergency obstetric procedure) in the past 3 months. If higher-risk women were delivering in primary care facilities, it would actually result in higher quality scores for primary care facilities because of the greater opportunity to perform these procedures in primary care facilities than in secondary care facilities.
    On Oct 1, 2016, a 31-year-old man was admitted to the emergency unit of the Rennes University Hospital (France) for high temperature and asthenia. Of Congolese origin, he had arrived in France in 2014, with no medical history or recollection of contact with tuberculosis. A CT scan revealed an aspect of miliary pulmonary infiltrate, with no sign of silicosis. Bronchoalveolar lavage cultures were positive for , leading to the diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis and allowing for appropriate antibiotic treatment. The patient had no immunodepression risk factors. From 2011 to 2014, he worked in a columbite-tantalite (coltan) quarry in North Kivu (D R Congo), a region characterised by coltan-veined granitic soils. A specific questionnaire confirmed his occupational exposure to crystalline silica in the quarry, and a para-occupational exposure to the same inorganic particles entailed by handling and washing work clothes. Inhaling crystalline silica can be considered an independent risk factor for tuberculosis even in the absence of silicotic lesions. The same pathways might be involved both in silica-driven macrophage alterations and impaired anti-tuberculosis defenses. Silica exposure could hence determine whether an inhaled tubercle bacillus can successfully establish active infection.