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Several mechanisms are implicated in lipid induced
2019-11-16
Several mechanisms are implicated in lipid-induced insulin resistance in muscle, including oxidative stress (Koves et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2011, Muoio and Neufer, 2012). Mitochondrion is a major source of ROS production. The oxidation of pyruvate and fatty aphidicolin yielding acetyl-CoA occurs
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The phenotypes of KD Ddr transgenic
2019-11-16
The phenotypes of KD-Ddr2 transgenic mice were less severe than expected from the results of miDdr2-transfected ATDC5 cells, which indicated that DDR2 might play important roles in endochondral ossification but neither critical nor essential roles in determining total body and skeleton size. The gr
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br Introduction Maintaining the normal function of
2019-11-16
Introduction Maintaining the normal function of fetal trophoblasts is essential for a successful pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is often associated with excessive trophoblast cell apoptosis and superficial trophoblast invasion leading to insufficient spiral artery re
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Here two labs that helped characterize these two
2019-11-16
Here, two labs that helped characterize these two pathways have worked together to further test whether these apparently parallel pathways from β-AR to CaMKII-RyR might be related in series. Much of the work leading to the Epac pathway involved measurement of Ca sparks as an index of SR Ca leak, oft
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Compression The L vertebral body was tested in compression w
2019-11-16
Compression: The L4 vertebral body was tested in compression with loads applied along the craniocaudal axis using an Instron 8800 device at a rate of 3mm/min. Load displacement data were captured using Bluehill software. The ultimate load, yield load, stiffness, ultimate stress, yield stress and You
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Global inhibition of integrin signaling with
2019-11-16
Global inhibition of integrin signaling with EDTA here suggests that integrin signaling potentially cooperates with DDR2 in collagen induction of lysyl oxidase. This notion is supported by a recent study that shows DDR2 cooperation with specific integrins in cell adhesion to collagen [47]. It is of
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We report here that DAPK signaling pathways
2019-11-16
We report here that DAPK signaling pathways play significant roles in OGD-induced neuronal death. Exposure of the Ciclopirox ethanolamine to OGD led to DAPK activation, which then promoted cell death through BimEL overexpression. Furthermore, DAPK-induced BimEL overexpression was mediated by inactiv
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menin Such concerns do not apply to the anti inflammatory
2019-11-16
Such concerns do not apply to the anti-inflammatory actions shown by the agent, given that CR3465 proved effective in various models of inflammation including guinea pig, rat, and human. Airway inflammation, involving a complex network of local mediators, cytokines, and effector menin (Bradley et al
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Several in vivo human studies have produced conflicting
2019-11-16
Several in vivo human studies have produced conflicting results for evaluating the inhibition of OCs on the metabolism of CYP3A substrates. Balogh et al. [12] demonstrated an approximately 25% inhibition of CYP3A activities in vivo after the administration of an OC containing 30μg of ethinylestradio
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In this study we observed alterations
2019-11-16
In this study, we observed alterations in mRNA levels of CRF receptors in the PFCx and Hip during the development of sensitization. In particular, in the Hip both CRF receptors showed significantly increased ctep when the sensitization condition was established. Similarly, CRF2 receptor increase was
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Collectively these data suggest the potential
2019-11-16
Collectively, these data suggest the potential clinical utility of COMT inhibitors for the treatment of addiction disorders. Similar to current pharmacotherapies such as naltrexone, tolcapone\'s effects were not ethanol specific, therefore tolcapone may be effective in reducing other drug reinforced
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There may be an interplay of EP EP
2019-11-16
There may be an interplay of EP2, EP3, EP4 alone, or in combination, with EP1 for the onset of TCDD-induced neonatal hydronephrosis. EP2 and EP4 have been reported to increase AQP2 phosphorylation and membrane trafficking (Li et al., 2009; Olesen et al., 2011). The EP2 and EP4 mRNA concentrations we
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The preferences for source of FAs for DGAT and DGAT
2019-11-15
The preferences for source of FAs for DGAT1 and DGAT2 are related to their membrane topologies, subcellular locations, interactions with other proteins or organelles (discussed in the former section), and their differential expression, substrate specificities, and enzyme kinetics. According to UniPr
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br Conclusion br Acknowledgments br Introduction Arsenic
2019-11-15
Conclusion Acknowledgments Introduction Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic metals derived from the natural environment in soil, air and well water. It has two oxidative states: a trivalent form, arsenite, and a pentavalent form, arsenate. The inorganic As is more toxic than organic As. A
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The transcriptome analysis of barley seeds in two tissue
2019-11-15
The transcriptome analysis of barley seeds in two tissue fractions: starchy endosperm/aleurone and embryo/scutellum, during maturation, desiccation and germination, revealed the large group of GA-responsive genes (Sreenivasulu et al., 2008). These transcripts have been divided into two groups. Nearl